ʻO nā modula o ka lā, ʻike ʻia hoʻi ʻo nā panela lā, ua hana ʻia i kekahi mau pūnaewele photovoltaic (PV) e hopu i ka ikehu o ka lā a hoʻololi iā ia i uila.Hana ʻia kēia mau cell i ke silikoni a i ʻole nā mea semiconducting ʻē aʻe, a hana lākou ma ka lawe ʻana i nā kiʻi mai ka lā, e hoʻokuʻu i nā electrons a hana i kahi au uila.ʻO ka uila i hana ʻia e nā modules solar he ʻano o ke au pololei (DC), hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia i ke au hou (AC) me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā inverters i hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i nā hale a me nā ʻoihana.